Gambling is an activity where an individual risks money or something of value in the hope of winning. This is a dangerous and complex activity that can lead to serious problems for those who struggle with it. Gambling can result in financial difficulties, family and career issues, as well as feelings of anger, anxiety, or depression. If you or someone you know has a gambling problem, it is important to seek help.
The field of gambling research has undergone a major shift in understanding. Historically, people who experienced adverse consequences from their gambling were viewed as gamblers with problems; today we understand that their behavior is more akin to substance abuse and should be classified as a psychological disorder. This change in understanding has been reflected in, or stimulated by, the changing clinical classification of pathological gambling in the various editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association (DSM).
While there is still much to learn about how gambling disorders develop and are treated, it is clear that certain groups are at higher risk than others of developing them. Adolescents, veterans, aging adults, and members of ethnic minority communities are among those who are at increased risk. It is also recognized that women are more likely to develop a gambling disorder than men.
There is an emerging role for evaluating patients in primary care settings for the presence of gambling disorder, as well as other addictive behaviors.1 This is a significant step forward in recognition of the need to identify and treat these conditions before they cause more harm than good.
The reason why so many individuals develop a gambling disorder is complicated. It involves the interaction of several factors, including genetics, environmental stressors, and a person’s personality. In addition, there is the misperception that gambling offers a low risk and high reward entertainment choice. In reality, the odds are always against the player and the expected value is negative.
The first step to dealing with a gambling disorder is to strengthen your support network. This can include your close friends and family, as well as peer support groups such as Gamblers Anonymous. This group follows a model similar to Alcoholics Anonymous and offers support for those struggling with addiction. Another effective strategy is to find new activities and hobbies that will divert your attention from gambling. These can be as simple as joining a book club or sports team, taking an education class, volunteering for a charity, or attending a spiritual support group. Finally, make a list of the reasons why you want to change your behavior. This will help you to remember the benefits of a life free from the grips of addiction. You may also find it helpful to speak with a therapist or psychologist who can provide guidance and advice.